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Glossary

Threshold

The limit up to which Unsharp Mask will be applied. While it is generally the case that the

higher the threshold, the greater the amount of sharpening applied, the exact effect depends

on other Unsharp Mask settings, such as halo width. See also Halo width, Unsharp Mask.

Thumbnail

A small preview image, the digital equivalent of a photographic ﬁ lm contact sheet. Images

loaded into Nikon Capture are displayed in a thumbnail list in the Thumbnails section of the

Camera Image window.

TIFF

Tagged Image File Format, an image ﬁ le format for color or grayscale images, suited to stor-

ing bit-mapped images such as digital photographs. In some implementations, TIFF supports

“lossless” LZW and packbit compression (in “lossless” compression methods, no information

is lost when the image is compressed, as opposed to “lossy” compression methods such as

JPEG, in which detail is sacriﬁ ced to achieve higher compression ratios). LZW compression is

available when saving TIFF (RGB) images in Nikon Capture 4 Ver. 4.3 or later. See also Com-

pression, JPEG.

Tone

Pixel brightness, measured either as the combined intensity for red, green, and blue or the

intensity of each of these colors (channels) individually. The number of tones that can be

expressed depends on the bit depth of the image; Nikon Capture 4 supports 256 tone levels

per channel at a bit depth of eight bits and 4096 tone levels per channel at a bit depth of

twelve bits (data with a bit depth of twelve bits are handled internally as sixteen-bit data).

The distribution of tones in the image can be seen in the Curves window histogram. See also

Bit depth.

Tone curve

A visual tool for editing tones, enhancing brightness and contrast in a selected portion of

the tone range. Changing the shape of the tone curve changes the mapping between input

(the tones in the original image) and output (tones as they appear after editing). The digital

equiv a lent of a densitometric curve. See also Tone.

Unsharp Mask

A ﬁ lter for increasing the apparent sharpness of bit-mapped images. Sometimes abbreviated

as “USM.” Unsharp masks emphasize the differences in color and brightness between edges

(outlines) and the rest of the image. See also Halo width, Threshold.

USB

Universal Serial Bus. A standard for computer serial interfaces which allows automatic “plug-

and-play” recognition of peripheral devices and “hot plug” connection of peripherals while

the computer or device is on. Depending on the type of interface installed on the computer,

USB will operate at high speed (USB 2.0 only), with data transfer rates of up to 480 Mbps, or

full speed (USB 1.1, USB 2.0), with data transfer rates of up to 12 Mbps. For more information,

consult the manufacturer.

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Nikon 4 Bedienungsanleitung Seite 157