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Glossary

Appendix E

Glossary

This glossary provides deﬁ nitions of some of the terms used in this manual.

Bit depth

The number of bits used to express color, also referred to as color depth. The bit depth deter-

mines the amount of color information in an image. The greater the bit depth, the larger the

number of colors, and the ﬁ ner the gradations, that can be expressed. Bit depth can be used

to refer both to the number of bits per channel and to the combined bit depth for all channels;

thus, for example, an image with a bit depth of eight bits per channel can be said to have a bit

depth of twenty-four bits. An image with a bit depth of one bit has only two colors, typically

black and white, with no gradation between the two. See also Channel.

Black Point

The input value below which all input tones are mapped to the minimum output value (by

default no color, or black). Any details darker than the black point will be lost. See also Tone,

Tone curve.

Channel

The component colors in a given color space. The RGB color space is made up of red, green,

and blue channels and a master channel that combines the three. See also Color space.

Clip

The percentage of pixels at both ends of the curve that are excluded in an auto contrast op-

eration. See also Tone curve.

CMS

See Color management system.

CMYK

A reﬂ ective (subtractive) color model commonly used in printing, which models color using

com bi na tions of the three secondary colors used in printer’s ink, Cyan, Magenta and Yellow.

Because no com bi na tion of these three inks will create a true black, blacK ink is also used.

Color management system

A method of ensuring consistency of color reproduction between devices such as scanners,

monitors, and printers, and between different computer platforms. In the color management

system used in Nikon Capture 4, accurate color reproduction is ensured through the use of

proﬁ les that provide information about the characteristics of the monitor or printer and the

color space used for editing. See also ColorSync, ICC, Proﬁ le.

Color space

A general term encompassing both the model used to deﬁ ne color (for example, CMYK or

RGB) and the range, or gamut, of colors that can be expressed in a given color model. See

also CMYK, Gamut, RGB.

ColorSync

A color management system for Mac OS developed by Apple. See also Color management

system, ICC.

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